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To celebrate the 300th anniversary of the birth of Prussian philosopher Immanuel Kant, Germany has issued a 20 euro silver coin to honour this revolutionary thinker and his important work.Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant (1724 – 1804) was already considered during his lifetime the most influential thinker of his time and is now regarded as the most important philosopher of modern times. Kant devoted his life to his work: he remained a bachelor, never travelled and refused all invitations and appointments to other places. He came from a respectable family of craftsmen, but they became impoverished during his childhood. Scholarships and the support of an uncle enabled him to attend secondary school and study at “Albertina”, the University of Königsberg. After completing his studies, he initially worked as a private tutor before returning to the University of Königsberg in 1755. He lectured there continuously for over 40 years, and his lectures covered a wide range of topics, from logic and metaphysics to physical geography, mineralogy and practical philosophy, to ethics, natural law and pedagogy.
However, Kant appears to be anything but a cerebral theorist: he is described as a fun-loving person and a brilliant artist, he made money playing billiards and cards and moved in the upper circles of Königsberg society. He changed his lifestyle when he turned 40, probably prompted by the death of a friend. He went out less and subjected his life to strict rules. For example, he got up at five in the morning every day to start work. Nevertheless, he remained a sociable person. In 1770 he finally received the chair of logic and metaphysics at the University of Königsberg, after having applied for it unsuccessfully since 1756.
After a "decade of silence" during which he published only occasional small writings, from 1781 onwards he published ground-breaking works, the first of which would inaugurate a new era in the history of philosophy: the "Critique of Pure Reason", followed by, among other things, the famous essay "Answering the Question: What is Enlightenment?" (1784), the "Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals" (1785), in which the categorical imperative is formulated for the first time, whose detailed justification is given in the "Critique of Practical Reason" (1788) and the "Critique of Judgment" (1790).
The coin’s motif conveys the power and originality of the great philosopher. The artist, Martin Dašek from Staré Hradiště (CZ), combines the silhouette of the philosopher, based on contemporary silhouettes, with a starry sky and the phrase “The starry sky above me and the moral law within me.” In doing so, he clearly focuses on two essential aspects of Kant’s thought: the localization of the natural order in the structures of the human mind and the self-
regulation of human reason in the moral law.
On the other hand, the coin shows the central stylised design of an eagle, thus representing the Coat of Arms of Germany. Next to it are the inscriptions: the face value “20 EURO”, the issuing country “BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLAND” (Federal Republic of Germany), the year of issue “2024”, the twelve European stars, the metal and its purity “silber 925”, and the mint mark “J” (Hamburg).
Technical characteristics
Date of issue: April 11, 2024
Country: Germany
Face Value: 20 euros
Metal: 925 silver
Quality: BU
Weight: 18 g
Diameter: 32.5 mm
Issue volume: 100,000
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