O nouă monedă comemorativă americană - 12.11.2024

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The fifteenth coin in the iconic American Women Quarters series features Zitkala-Ša, a writer, composer, educator, and political activist for Native American rights. Her activism led to the passage of the Indian Citizenship Act of 1924, which granted American Indians U.S. citizenship while maintaining their Native American status.

Zitkala-Ša

Zitkala-Ša was born a member of the Yankton Dakota Sioux on the Yankton Indian Reservation in South Dakota. She was educated through a white missionary boarding school in Wabash, Indiana, which prohibited Native American customs and traditions.

She attended Earlham College, where she won awards for her oratory skills and began collecting and translating Native American oral histories. She later trained as a violinist at the New England Conservatory of Music and performed at the White House for President William McKinley.

Zitkala-Ša was a talented musician and violinist. She collaborated with William F. Hanson on what is considered the first known Native American opera. The opera “The Sun Dance,” which premiered in Utah in 1913, focused on the Sun Dance, a sacred Sioux ceremonial dance that was banned by the U.S. government.

Zitkala-Ša joined the Society of American Indians, a group focused on preserving traditional Native American culture while also pushing for full U.S. citizenship. She also lectured around the country, promoting the preservation of Native American cultural and tribal identities. In the 1920s, she was active in the General Federation of Women's Clubs, where she created the Indian Welfare Committee.

Zitkála-Ša and her husband co-founded the National Council of American Indians in 1926, which continued to push for Native American suffrage rights. She served as the council's president, speaker, and a major fundraiser until her death.

 

The reverse of the coin depicts Zitkala-Ša in traditional Yankton Sioux dress. She is holding a book, which represents her work as an author as well as her successful activism for Native American rights. Behind her is a stylized sun representing her work in The Sun Dance Opera, flown over by a Northern Cardinal, referencing Zitkala-Ša’s name, which translates to “Red Bird.” Beneath the sun is a diamond pattern inspired by the Yankton Sioux. The inscriptions framing the main composition include the name of the issuing country “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA”, the text “E PLURIBUS UNUM” (OUT OF MANY, ONE), the face value “25 CENTS”, the name “Zitkala-Ša” and inside the composition, on the left side: “AUTHOR”, “ACTIVIST”, and “COMPOSER”.

 

Additionally, the obverse of the coin features a portrait of George Washington, originally designed and sculpted by Laura Gardin Fraser to celebrate the bicentennial of his birth. Although this design was recommended for the quarter by Treasury Secretary Mellon in 1932, John Flanagan’s iconic design was ultimately chosen. Also included are the inscriptions “LIBERTY,” “IN GOD WE TRUST,” and the year of issue “2024.”

Features of the currency

Country: USA
Series: American Women Quarters
Year: 2024
Face value: 25 cents
Composition: Cupronickel
Weight: 5.67 g
Diameter: 24.26 mm
Mints: Philadelphia – P
Denver – D
San ​​Francisco – S
Reverse design: Don Everhart

 

 

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