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The Bank of Latvia has issued a collector's coin with a face value of five euros, which is dedicated to science and its important role in our lives, also paying tribute to the perseverance of scientists in searching for answers to questions about the future of humanity.
The coin symbolically represents the process of nuclear fusion and speaks to the greatest challenge of the modern world: the search for an inexhaustible source of energy to protect natural resources and achieve a balance between the whims of our time and the interests of future generations.
When developing the coin design, Germans Ermičs consulted scientists to find a visual solution that would represent the fundamental laws of physics that allow for the existence of an almost unlimited source of energy: the nuclei of light chemical elements. When smaller nuclei combine to form larger ones, a huge amount of energy is released in the form of heat, but to initiate and maintain this fusion reaction, temperatures of millions of degrees and the pressure required to hold matter together for a sufficient time are needed. In nature, such extreme conditions occur in stars.
It is the fusion of hydrogen nuclei that powers the Sun and thus indirectly powers all renewable energy sources on Earth. Nuclear fusion energy has two main advantages: virtually inexhaustible fuel resources and a neutral impact on the climate.
The main conditions for nuclear fusion are high temperature and high pressure. In stars, the conditions for nuclear fusion are ensured by a strong gravitational field, while in nuclear fusion reactors, hot plasma is held together by special magnetic fields. The arrangement of the lines on the coin evokes both the magnetic fields of large space objects and the stylised cross-section of a toroidal fusion reactor, the so-called tokamak. The coin's relief with an indentation in the centre also evokes the gravitational potential near a star or black hole.
The obverse of the coin depicts the main reaction for producing nuclear energy. The nuclear components are represented as silver voids (neutrons) and gold-plated beads (protons). The nuclei of two hydrogen isotopes (deuterium and tritium) fuse to form a helium nucleus and a free neutron. The opening in the centre of the coin represents the site of the reaction. The inscription of the face value “5 EURO” is located to the right of the composition.
On the other hand, the reverse of the coin features two groups of circular lines that meet at the central opening and are marked with degrees of grinding and gilding. They represent the physical fields required to maintain nuclear fusion both in nuclear fusion reactors on Earth and in stars in space. The inscription of the issuing country “LATVIJA” (LATVIA) is placed in a semicircle at the top left, and the year of issue “2024” is at the bottom right.
The edge of this coin also shows the inscriptions n, 2H, 3H, 4He, symbols for the free neutron and isotopes.
Features of the currency
Country: Latvia
Year: 2024
Face Value: 5 Euros
Metal: Silver
Fineness: 999
Weight: 18 g
Diameter: 30 mm
Quality: Proof
Roll: 3.000
Design: Germans Ermics
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