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On the occasion of the Bicentennial of Portuguese Constitutionalism, the Portuguese Republic and the Casa da Moeda issue a commemorative coin designed by the sculptor Hugo Maciel. On the obverse is the separation of the "three powers". On the back are the symbol of the Crown and the flyers that adorned the cover of the Constitution of 1822 published by the National Press, marking the continuity of history.
The Portuguese Constitution is not only the Fundamental Law of the country, but also one of the most beautiful and ambitious texts written in this language.
It is there where national values are codified and where the spirit of an age is reflected. The current Constitution, from 1976, descends directly from the Political Constitution of the Portuguese Monarchy, promulgated exactly two centuries ago, during the reign of King João VI.
The Constitution of 1822, drawn up after the liberal revolution of 1820, was the result of a heated debate in the Constituent Cortes and marked an important political turning point in the country: instead of an absolute monarchy, Portugal became a parliamentary monarchy. in which citizens could elect their representatives. But that was just one of many innovations.
The first Portuguese Constitution enshrined the rights of citizens to liberty, security and property. The new political regime guaranteed legal equality, freedom of opinion and the press, proportionality between sentences and offenses, prohibited torture, ordered the creation of primary schools for children of both sexes and, in general, clearly established the various rights and duties of individuals and of the State.
Above all, the Constitution of 1822 established the separation of the three powers: Executive, Legislative and Judicial. This attempt to reorganize the country's social structure in such a profound way ran into fierce opponents from the start. And since it was considered such a progressive and radical Constitution, it was only in force until May 1823, when the Vilafrancada coup took place. Several charters followed, some more moderate and some less so. However, that of 1822 was an indelible milestone.
This 2.5 euro faceted coin can be purchased in two versions with the same design. One minted in silver in Proof quality and special presentation for a price of 41 euros, and another, in cupronickel, at face value, in Portugal.
Sursa: Youtube Utilizator: INCM Imprensa Nacional-Casa da Moeda
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