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The 150th anniversary of the birth of Guglielmo Marconi, an emblematic figure in the history of telecommunications and Nobel Prize winner in Physics in 1909, was also commemorated by the Vatican State in 2024, in addition to the recently issued 2-euro commemorative coin, with this new colored 25-euro collector's coin, which depicts the symbols of Marconi's pioneering and innovative work on both sides.
Guglielmo Marconi: Pioneer of Radio Communication
Guglielmo Marconi (April 25, 1874 – July 20, 1937) was an Italian physicist, engineer, and inventor, internationally recognized as one of the pioneers of wireless telegraphy and radio. His work marked a turning point in modern communications and earned him the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics, shared with German Karl Ferdinand Braun, for their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy.
From an early age, Marconi showed interest in electricity and electromagnetic waves, influenced by the work of scientists such as Heinrich Hertz, James Clerk Maxwell, and Oliver Lodge. In 1895, at his country house in Bologna, he conducted experiments that culminated in the transmission of radio signals over a kilometer. Despite initial skepticism in Italy, in 1896 he moved to the United Kingdom, where he patented his wireless telegraphy system, considered the first radio patent in history.
In 1897, he founded the Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company, promoting the practical application of radio in maritime and military settings. His technology was widely adopted and played a crucial role in saving lives during disasters such as the sinking of the Titanic in 1912, thanks to its ability to send distress signals by radio.
In 1901, Marconi achieved one of his most iconic feats: the first transatlantic transmission of radio signals, from Cornwall, England, to Newfoundland, Canada. This achievement challenged contemporary scientific beliefs about the propagation of electromagnetic waves and opened up new possibilities for global communication.
Throughout his life, Marconi received numerous awards and also held diplomatic and scientific positions in Italy. He was a member of the Senate of the Kingdom of Italy and president of the Royal Italian Academy. Although some of his achievements were later debated by the scientific community, his role in the early development of radio is undisputed.
Marconi died in Rome in 1937. In his honor, radio stations around the world observed a minute of silence, a symbolic tribute to the man who revolutionized the way the world communicates.
On the reverse of the coin, artist Daniela Longo shows us, in the foreground, the bust of the great inventor; next to it we see three antennas, from which radio waves radiate in the background. Surrounding the colorful central composition are the inscriptions: "Guglielmo Marconi," the dates of the 150th anniversary "1874 – 2024," and at the bottom: the issuing country "CITTA' DEL VATICANO" (VATICAN CITY), the face value "25 EURO," and the letter "R," identifying the Rome Mint.
The obverse features an angel looking toward the coat of arms of Pope Francis and the ship Elettra. Guglielmo Marconi purchased it in 1919 to convert it into an innovative floating laboratory. It became a true mobile station, where the inventor could work with ease at any time of day. His scientific experiments had to be carried out at different distances to test the effectiveness of the transmissions depending on the distance between the transmitter and receiver.
The "white ship," as poet Gabriele D'Annunzio defined it, allowed Marconi to revolutionize maritime communications and became a symbol of progress and modernity.
Technical characteristics
Country: Italy
Year: 2024
Face value: 25 Euros
Metal: 925 silver
Design: Daniela Longo and Valerio De Seta
Weight: 35 g
Diameter: 30 x 40 mm
Quality: Proof
Print run: 1,500
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